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War or operation · Sudan
War in Darfur
War in Darfur began in 2003 when rebel movements challenged Sudan’s government. Government forces and their Janjaweed allies carried out a campaign of mass atrocities; approximately 300,000 people were killed and more than 2 million displaced before the war continued to 2020.
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Israel–Sudan normalization agreementIsrael and Sudan announced mutual recognition and an end to their state of belligerence on October 23, 2020. Sudan signed an Abraham Accords declaration in 2021, but a comprehensive bilateral peace treaty and full diplomatic relations remained unfinished amid a coup and civil war.HemedtiMohamed Hamdan Dagalo, known as Hemedti, commands Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces. His rise from Darfur militia leader to deputy head of Sudan’s transitional leadership preceded his war with the army, the displacement of civilians and his attempt to establish a parallel government.Abdel Fattah al-BurhanAbdel Fattah al-Burhan is the Sudanese army commander who led the country’s military government, advanced normalization with Israel, and led the 2021 coup against its civilian transition. Since April 2023, his forces have fought a civil war against those of his former deputy, Hemedti.Sudanese civil war (2023–present)Fighting between Sudan’s army and the Rapid Support Forces began in April 2023 after their commanders’ alliance collapsed. The war has devastated cities, engulfed Darfur and displaced millions of civilians.
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